蜂鸣器PWM驱动方式改进，可中断方式播放曲目-21创造欲的回答

蜂鸣器PWM驱动方式改进，可中断方式播放曲目

2019-07-21 05:43发布

蜂鸣器有有源和无源之分，此处用的是无源蜂鸣器。信号驱动有IO模拟PWM和硬件PWM，鉴于IO模拟PWM太占用中断资源，严重影响MCU效率，故采用硬件产生PWM。本帖主要介绍蜂鸣器PWM的两种使用方式：
1：将播放程序放到主函数main中的while(1)来播放曲目。此种方式，仅适合任务量轻，时序要求不高的系统，一旦单片机处理的任务太多，而while(1)中的程序得不到及时执行，就会出现曲目变形，节奏不符。不过也可以用RTOS操作系统来弥补缺憾，在此不介绍！
2：将播放的程序放到定时器中断中。执行效率高，耗时极少，不影响其他任务
/*说明
  硬件平台--STM32F103VET6-(可适用STM32F103VCT6)
  采用标准库

  功能：蜂鸣器信号采用PWM方式，由NPN三极管驱动电磁蜂鸣器，播放特定曲目
  引脚：PB1----TIM3CH4
*/

方式1实例：

                                                beep.h
#ifndef __BEEP_H
#define __BEEP_H
#include "sys.h"

#define RCC_BEEP_CLK    RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB
#define BEEP_Pin    GPIO_Pin_1
#define BEEP_GPIO GPIOB
//蜂鸣器端口定义
#define BEEP PBout(1) // BEEP,蜂鸣器接口
// 定义低音音名（数值单位：Hz）
#define L1 262
#define L2 294
#define L3 330
#define L4 349
#define L5 392
#define L6 440
#define L7 494

// 定义中音音名
#define M1 523
#define M2 587
#define M3 659
#define M4 698
#define M5 784
#define M6 880
#define M7 988

// 定义高音音名
#define H1 1047
#define H2 1175
#define H3 1319
#define H4 1397
#define H5 1568
#define H6 1760
#define H7 1976

// 定义时值单位，决定演奏速度（数值单位：ms）
#define TT 2000
typedef struct
{
  short mName; // 音名：取值L1～L7、M1～M7、H1～H7分别表示低音、中音、高音的1234567，取值0表示休止符
  short mTime; // 时值：取值T、T/2、T/4、T/8、T/16、T/32分别表示全音符、二分音符、四分音符、八分音符.，取值0表示演奏结束
}tNote;

extern u8 beep_switch;
void BEEP_PWM_Init(u16 arr,u16 psc);
void buzzerSound(unsigned short usFreq) ;
void musicPlay(void) ;
void buzzerQuiet(void);

#endif

                                                                                         beep.c
#include "beep.h"
#include "delay.h"

u8 beep_switch=0;
// 定义乐曲：《最炫民族风》
const tNote MyScore[]=
{
  {L6,TT/4},{L3,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},{L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M1,TT/4},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/2},{M1,TT/4},{M1,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},
  {M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/4},{M3,TT/2},{M6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M3,TT/4},{M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},//苍茫的天涯是我的爱。。。最呀最摇
  {M2,TT/2},{M3,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},{L5,TT/4},{L6,TT/2}, //摆，什么样的歌声才是最开怀
  {L6,TT/4},{L3,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},{L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M1,TT/4},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/2},{M1,TT/4},{M1,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},
  {M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/4},{M3,TT/2},{M6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M3,TT/4},{M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},//苍茫的天涯是我的爱。。。最呀最摇
  {M2,TT/2},{M3,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},{L5,TT/4},{L6,TT/2}, //摆，什么样的歌声才是最开怀
  {M3,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{H1,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M5,TT/4},{M6,TT/2},{L6,TT/4},{L6,TT/8},
  {L5,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},{M1,TT/4},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},{L6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},
  {M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},//留下来
  {M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/4},{L5,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/2},{L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},
  {L5,TT/8},{L3,TT/8},{L6,TT/2},{L6,TT/4},{L6,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},{M1,TT/4},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},{L6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},
  {M6,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},
  {M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},//留下来
  {M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/4},{L5,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/4+TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},
  {M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M6,TT/2},{M6,TT/2},{L6,TT/4},{L6,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},
  {L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},
  {M6,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M1,TT/2},//登上天外云霄的舞台
  {L6,TT/4},{L6,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},{M1,TT/4},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},{L6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},
  {M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},//留下来
  {M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/4},{L5,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/2},{L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},
  {L5,TT/8},{L3,TT/8},{L6,TT/2},{L6,TT/4},{L6,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{L6,TT/4},{M1,TT/4},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},{L6,TT/8},{M6,TT/8},
  {M6,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/16},{M2,TT/16},
  {M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/2},//留下来
  {M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/4},{L5,TT/8},{L5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M1,TT/4+TT/8},{M1,TT/8},{L6,TT/8},
  {M1,TT/8},{M2,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M3,TT/8},{M5,TT/8},{M6,TT/2},{M6,TT/2},
  {0,0},
};

//PWM输出初始化
//arr：自动重装值
//psc：时钟预分频数

void BEEP_PWM_Init(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef  TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef  TIM_OCInitStructure;

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_BEEP_CLK  | RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);  //使能GPIO外设和AFIO复用功能模块时钟使能

//设置该引脚为复用输出功能,输出TIM3 CH4的PWM脉冲波形
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = BEEP_Pin; //TIM3_CH4
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;  //复用推挽输出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(BEEP_GPIO, &GPIO_InitStructure);

TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr; //设置在下一个更新事件装入活动的自动重装载寄存器周期的值    80K
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc; //设置用来作为TIMx时钟频率除数的预分频值  不分频
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0; //设置时钟分割:TDTS = Tck_tim
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;  //TIM向上计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //根据TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct中指定的参数初始化TIMx的时间基数单位

TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM2; //选择定时器模式:TIM脉冲宽度调制模式2
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable; //比较输出使能
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = 0; //设置待装入捕获比较寄存器的脉冲值
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_Low;//TIM_OCPolarity_High;//TIM_OCPolarity_Low; //输出极性:TIM输出比较极性低
TIM_OC4Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure);  //根据TIM_OCInitStruct中指定的参数初始化外设TIMx
TIM_OC4PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable);  //使能TIMx在CCR2上的预装载寄存器

TIM_CCxCmd(TIM3,TIM_Channel_4 ,ENABLE);//输出开启
TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM3, ENABLE); //使能TIMx在ARR上的预装载寄存器
TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);  //使能TIMx外设
}

// 蜂鸣器停止发声
void buzzerQuiet(void)
{
TIM_SetCompare4(TIM3,0); //喇叭
TIM_CCxCmd(TIM3,TIM_Channel_4 ,DISABLE);//输出关闭
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//蜂鸣器发出指定频率的声音
//usFreq是发声频率，取值 (系统时钟/65536)+1 ～ 20000，单位：Hz
void buzzerSound(unsigned short usFreq)
{
  unsigned long  ulVal;
  if((usFreq<=8000000/65536UL)||(usFreq>20000))
  {
      buzzerQuiet();// 蜂鸣器静音
  }
  else
  {
         ulVal=8000000/usFreq;
         TIM3->ARR =ulVal ; //设置自动重装载寄存器周期的值（音调）
   TIM_SetCompare4(TIM3,ulVal /2);//音量
   TIM_CCxCmd(TIM3,TIM_Channel_4 ,ENABLE);//输出开启
  }
}

// 演奏乐曲
void musicPlay(void)
{
static u8 i=0;
   if(MyScore.mTime != 0)
{
buzzerSound(MyScore.mName);
delay_ms(MyScore.mTime);
i++;
buzzerQuiet(); // 蜂鸣器静音
delay_ms(10);// 10 ms
}

}
                                                                                                         main.c
#include "sys.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "beep.h"

int main(void)
{
delay_init();            //延时函数初始化
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级
      BEEP_PWM_Init(14399,10);    //分频。PWM频率=72000/14400/11（Khz）

while(1)
   {
         musicPlay();
   }
}

方式2实例：
相比方式1，beep.c中多个一个可中断播放的程序
u16 music_interrupt_play(void)
{
static u8 i=0;
u16 music_value=0;
if(MyScore.mTime >0)//if(MyScore.mTime != 0)
{
buzzerSound(MyScore.mName);
music_value=MyScore.mTime;
++i;
return  music_value;
}
else return  0;
}

                                                                                 time.c
#include "timer.h"
#include "beep.h"

//通用定时器中断初始化
//这里时钟选择为APB1的2倍，而APB1为36M
//arr：自动重装值。
//psc：时钟预分频数
//这里使用的是定时器3!
void TIM6_Int_Init(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef  TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM6, ENABLE); //时钟使能

TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr; //设置在下一个更新事件装入活动的自动重装载寄存器周期的值    计数到5000为500ms
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc; //设置用来作为TIMx时钟频率除数的预分频值  10Khz的计数频率
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0; //设置时钟分割:TDTS = Tck_tim
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;  //TIM向上计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM6, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //根据TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct中指定的参数初始化TIMx的时间基数单位

TIM_ITConfig(  //使能或者失能指定的TIM中断
TIM6, //TIM6
TIM_IT_Update ,
ENABLE  //使能
);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM6_IRQn;  //TIM2中断
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;  //先占优先级0级
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3;  //从优先级3级
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //IRQ通道被使能
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);  //根据NVIC_InitStruct中指定的参数初始化外设NVIC寄存器

TIM_Cmd(TIM6, ENABLE);  //使能TIMx外设

}

void TIM6_IRQHandler(void) //TIM3中断
{

static u16 time_add=0;
static u16 time_design=2;
static u8 beep_change_state=1;
u16 sfdb=0;
if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM6, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET) //检查指定的TIM中断发生与否:TIM 中断源
   {
      TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM6, TIM_IT_Update  );  //清除TIMx的中断待处理位:TIM 中断源
               if(beep_switch==1)
   {
   time_add++;
   if(beep_change_state)
   {
         beep_change_state=0;
         sfdb = music_interrupt_play();
         if(sfdb>0)
   {
   time_add=0;
   time_design=sfdb/10;
   }
   else
   {
   time_add=0;
   beep_switch=0;
   time_design=2;
   beep_change_state=1;
   buzzerQuiet(); // 蜂鸣器静音
   }
      }
   if(time_design<=time_add)
   {
   buzzerQuiet(); // 蜂鸣器静音
   beep_change_state=1;
   }

         }
   else time_add=0;

   }
}
main.c

#include "sys.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "beep.h"
#include "timer.h"

int main(void)
{
delay_init();            //延时函数初始化
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级

      BEEP_PWM_Init(14399,10);    //分频。PWM频率=72000/14400/11（Khz）
TIM6_Int_Init(999,719);//10Khz的计数频率，计数到10ms
beep_switch=1;
while(1)
   {

      }
}

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6条回答

21创造欲
2019-07-22 05:34

不知廉耻123 发表于 2018-9-11 22:41
弱弱得问一句music_interrupt_play(); //作用又是什么呢？

用于中断中播放曲目，取消以前的延时函数

加载中...

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蜂鸣器PWM驱动方式改进，可中断方式播放曲目

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