1. spider代码：这里注意找title和star，以及pic时xpath不同。前两者是在info下，后者是在pic下。for循环中按item寻找，每次找到一个item（电影）的title、star和图片信息，每次调用一次yield生成器，在pipeline里面进行处理。在item找完后，找下一个page的链接，再调用parse进行解析 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import scrapy from douban.items import DoubanItem class Douban250Spider(scrapy.Spider): name = 'douban250' # allowed_domains = ['https://movie.douban.com/'] start_urls = ['https://movie.douban.com/top250'] def parse(self, response): for sel in response.xpath('//div[@class="item"]'): item = DoubanItem() item['title'] = sel.xpath('div[@class="info"]/div[@class="hd"]/a/span/text()').extract()[0] item['star'] = sel.xpath('div[@class="info"]/div[@class="bd"]/div[@class="star"] /span[@class="rating_num"]/text()').extract()[0] item['image_urls'] = sel.xpath('div[@class="pic"]/a/img/@src').extract() yield item nextPage = sel.xpath('//div[@class="paginator"]/ span[@class="next"]/a/@href').extract()[0].strip() if nextPage: next_url = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250'+nextPage yield scrapy.http.Request(next_url,callback=self.parse,dont_filter=True) 2. settings文件：指定pipeline。这里有处理文字和图片两个pipeline，设置随机代理： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Scrapy settings for douban project # # For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or # commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation: # # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html import random BOT_NAME = 'douban' SPIDER_MODULES = ['douban.spiders'] NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'douban.spiders' FEED_EXPORT_ENCODING = 'utf-8' # Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent user_agent_list = [ "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24" ] UA = random.choice(user_agent_list) USER_AGENT = UA # Obey robots.txt rules ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False IMAGES_STORE = 'D:\python project\douban\images' # Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16) #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32 # Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay # See also autothrottle settings and docs #DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3 # The download delay setting will honor only one of: #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16 #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16 # Disable cookies (enabled by default) #COOKIES_ENABLED = False # Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default) #TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False # Override the default request headers: #DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = { # 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8', # 'Accept-Language': 'en', #} # Enable or disable spider middlewares # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html #SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = { # 'douban.middlewares.DoubanSpiderMiddleware': 543, #} # Enable or disable downloader middlewares # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html #DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = { # 'douban.middlewares.DoubanDownloaderMiddleware': 543, #} # Enable or disable extensions # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html #EXTENSIONS = { # 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None, #} # Configure item pipelines # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html ITEM_PIPELINES = { 'douban.pipelines.DoubanPipeline': 100, 'douban.pipelines.SaveNameScore':200, } # Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html #AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True # The initial download delay #AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5 # The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies #AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60 # The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to # each remote server #AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0 # Enable showing throttling stats for every response received: #AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False # Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings #HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True #HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0 #HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache' #HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = [] #HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage' 3. pipeline文件：设置文字和图片两个pipeline。对于图片pipeline,引入ImagePipeline通道，重写get_media_requests函数，将图片的url生产request请求。重写file_path函数，将每个电影名称和评分设为文件名。注意ImagePlieline需要PIL库支持，下载Pillow # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Define your item pipelines here # # Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting # See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html import sys import random from scrapy.http import Request from scrapy.contrib.pipeline.images import ImagesPipeline from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8') class DoubanPipeline(ImagesPipeline): def get_media_requests(self,item,info): for image_url in item['image_urls']: yield Request(url=image_url ,meta={'item':item}) def file_path(self,request,response=None,info=None): item=request.meta['item'] #通过上面的meta传递过来item +str(random.random()) #图片文件名，item['carname'][index]得到汽车名称，request.url.split('/')[-1].split('.')[-1]得到图片后缀jpg,png image_guid = item['title']+'_'+item['star']+'.'+request.url.split('/')[-1].split('.')[-1] #图片下载目录 此处item['country']即需要前面item['country']=''.join()......,否则目录名会变成u97e9u56fdu6c7du8f66u6807u5fd7xxx.jpg filename = u'full/{0}'.format(image_guid) return filename def item_completed(self,results,item,info): image_paths = [x['path'] for ok, x in results if ok] if not image_paths: raise DropItem("Item contains no images") return item对于名称和评分pipeline，写入文件中：class SaveNameScore(object): def __init__(self): self.file= open('douban_top250.txt',mode='wb') def process_item(self, item, spider): line = 'The top250 movie list:' title = item['title'] star = item['star'] line = line + ' ' + title +' ' line = line + star + ' ' self.file.write(line) def close_spider(self, spider): self.file.close()items文件这样写：import scrapy class DoubanItem(scrapy.Item): # define the fields for your item here like: # name = scrapy.Field() title=scrapy.Field() star=scrapy.Field() image_urls = scrapy.Field() images = scrapy.Field() pass效果：

代码获取目录：https://github.com/xzxin/douban_scrapy