通过蓝牙模块与单片机通讯

2019-04-15 17:57发布生成海报

站内文章 / PIC单片机

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·简介：由于业务关系，需要开发一个向单片机发送数据的应用，不过由于需求很简单，只需要发送数据即可，所以该dome的功能只有发送数据功能，并没有对输入的数据做进一步的处理
这里有蓝牙开发的基本资料，建议蓝牙基础欠缺的可以先悉知一下：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1ntrHntB
这里是我的dome工程目录

布局文件：

总的来说，通讯过程是： 1、得到本地蓝牙设备，

 void initOpenBluetooth() {
        //取得本地蓝牙设备
        mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙不可用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            finish();
            return;
        }

        //如果蓝牙没打开，提醒用户打开蓝牙
        if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
            startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
        }else {
            if(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){
                initGetDevice();
            }
        }

    }

2、得到远程设备，

private void initGetDevice(){
        //获取远程BlueToothDevice
        device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
        textView3.setText(device.getAddress() + ":" + device.getName());

        if (mChatService == null) {
            mChatService = new BluetoothChatService(this);
            if (D) Log.v(TAG, "当前蓝牙状态：" + mChatService.getState());

            mChatService.connect(device);//启动了蓝牙连接线程,
            if (D) Log.v(TAG, "当前蓝牙状态：" + mChatService.getState());
        }
    }

3、找到已配对的设备，连接，连接需要唯一的通讯信道UUID

 /*********************    连接线程   ****************/
    private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
        private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;

        public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
            mmDevice = device;
            BluetoothSocket tmp = null;

            // Get a BluetoothSocket for a connection with the
            // given BluetoothDevice
            try {
                tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "create() failed", e);
            }
            mmSocket = tmp;
        }

        public void run() {
            Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectThread");
            setName("ConnectThread");

            // Always cancel discovery because it will slow down a connection
            mAdapter.cancelDiscovery();

            // Make a connection to the BluetoothSocket
            try {
                // This is a blocking call and will only return on a
                // successful connection or an exception
                mmSocket.connect();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                connectionFailed();
                // Close the socket
                try {
                    mmSocket.close();
                } catch (IOException e2) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "unable to close() socket during connection failure", e2);
                }
                /*// Start the service over to restart listening mode
                BluetoothChatService.this.start();*/
                return;
            }

            // Reset the ConnectThread because we're done
            synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) {
                mConnectThread = null;
            }

            // Start the connected thread
            connected(mmSocket, mmDevice);
        }

        public void cancel() {
            try {
                mmSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e);
            }
        }
    }

3、连接后的连接管理，通讯

 /*********************   连接管理，通讯线程   **********************/
    private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
        private final InputStream mmInStream;
        private final OutputStream mmOutStream;

        public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {
            Log.d(TAG, "create ConnectedThread");
            mmSocket = socket;
            InputStream tmpIn = null;
            OutputStream tmpOut = null;

            // Get the BluetoothSocket input and output streams
            try {
                tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();
                tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "temp sockets not created", e);
            }

            mmInStream = tmpIn;
            mmOutStream = tmpOut;
        }

        public void run() {
            Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectedThread");
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int bytes;

            // Keep listening to the InputStream while connected
            while (true) {
                try {
                    // Read from the InputStream
                    bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);

                } catch (IOException e) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "disconnected", e);
                    connectionLost();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        /**
         * Write to the connected OutStream.
         * @param buffer  The bytes to write
         */
        public void write(byte[] buffer) {
            try {
                mmOutStream.write(buffer);

            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e);
            }
        }

        public void cancel() {
            try {
                mmSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e);
            }
        }
    }

4、最后一步，修复一些小Bug，然后可以根据自己的业务需求来更改代码。本来还有一个等待连接线程的，但该次业务无此需求，故不列出来了。
5：这里是整个dome的代码： MainActivity：

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener {

    // Debugging
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private static final boolean D = true;

    //定义打开蓝牙的请求码
    private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 2;

    // 本地蓝牙设备
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = null;
    // Member object for the chat services
    private BluetoothChatService mChatService = null;

    BluetoothDevice device;
    private static String address = "30:14:11:12:38:01";

    SeekBar seekBar1,seekBar2;
    TextView textView1,textView2,textView3;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        if(D) Log.v(TAG, "+++ ON CREATE +++");
        System.out.println("+++ ON CREATE +++");

        seekBar1 = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.seekBar1);
        seekBar2 = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.seekBar2);
        textView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
        textView2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView2);
        textView3 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView3);

        //两种方式监听
        seekBar1.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(this);
        seekBar2.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {
                textView2.setText("当前值：" + progress);

                //  发送数据
                String msg = String.valueOf(progress);

                if (mChatService.getState() == BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED) {

                    mChatService.write(getHexBytes(msg));

                }else {
                    System.out.println("没有连接好");
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

            }
        });

        initOpenBluetooth();

    }

    /***************  再按一次退出程序  ****************/
    private long _doubleClickedTime = 0;
    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
            long clickedTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            if (clickedTime - _doubleClickedTime <= 2000) {
                // 两次点击退出
                finish();
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "再按一次退出程序", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                _doubleClickedTime = clickedTime;
            }
            return true;
        }
        return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
    }


    /***********  退出后，把蓝牙的连接注销   ***********/
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        mChatService.stop();
        finish();
    }


    /*************  当“打开蓝牙的dialog结束后，要回调的函数”    ************/
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if(requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT){

            initGetDevice();

        }
    }


    /*******************  initOpenBluetooth    *********************/
    void initOpenBluetooth() {
        //取得本地蓝牙设备
        mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙不可用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            finish();
            return;
        }

        //如果蓝牙没打开，提醒用户打开蓝牙
        if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
            startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
        }else {
            if(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){
                initGetDevice();
            }
        }

    }


    /********************  intDetDevice  **********************/
    private void initGetDevice(){
        //获取远程BlueToothDevice
        device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
        textView3.setText(device.getAddress() + ":" + device.getName());

        if (mChatService == null) {
            mChatService = new BluetoothChatService(this);
            if (D) Log.v(TAG, "当前蓝牙状态：" + mChatService.getState());

            mChatService.connect(device);//启动了蓝牙连接线程,
            if (D) Log.v(TAG, "当前蓝牙状态：" + mChatService.getState());
        }
    }


    /******************** 字符串转换为16进制  **********************/
    private byte[] getHexBytes(String message) {
        int len = message.length() / 2;
        char[] chars = message.toCharArray();
        String[] hexStr = new String[len];
        byte[] bytes = new byte[len];
        for (int i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i += 2, j++) {
            hexStr[j] = "" + chars[i] + chars[i + 1];
            bytes[j] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hexStr[j], 16);
        }
        return bytes;
    }


    /********************************  拖动发送数据   ********************************/
    @Override
    public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {

        textView1.setText("当前值：" + progress);
        //  发送数据
        String msg = String.valueOf(progress);

        if (mChatService.getState() == BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED) {

            mChatService.write(getHexBytes(msg));

        }else {
            System.out.println("没有连接好");
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

    }
    @Override
    public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

    }

/******************************   标题栏  ************************************/
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        return true;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

工具类：BluetoothChatService:

public class BluetoothChatService {
    // Debugging
    private static final String TAG = "BluetoothChatService";
    private static final boolean D = true;

    // Name for the SDP record when creating server socket
    private static final String NAME = "BluetoothChat";

    // Unique UUID for this application

    private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");

    // Member fields
    private final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;

    private AcceptThread mAcceptThread;
    private ConnectThread mConnectThread;
    private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread;
    private int mState;

    // Constants that indicate the current connection state
    public static final int STATE_NONE = 0;       // we're doing nothing
    public static final int STATE_LISTEN = 1;     // now listening for incoming connections
    public static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 2; // now initiating an outgoing connection
    public static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 3;  // now connected to a remote device


    public BluetoothChatService(Context context) {
        mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        mState = STATE_NONE;
    }


    private synchronized void setState(int state) {
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "setState() " + mState + " -> " + state);
        mState = state;


    }

    public synchronized int getState() {
        return mState;
    }

    /***************  本来还有个监听线程入口 和 监听线程。此应用没用到  ***********/

    /**********************   启动连接线程  ************************/
    public synchronized void connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connect to: " + device);

        // Cancel any thread attempting to make a connection
      /*  if (mState == STATE_CONNECTING) {
            if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;}
        }
*/
        if (mState == STATE_NONE) {
            if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;}
        }

        // Cancel any thread currently running a connection
        if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;}

        // Start the thread to connect with the given device
        mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(device);
        mConnectThread.start();
        setState(STATE_CONNECTING);
    }


    /*******************  启动连接管理，通讯线程的入口 **************************/
    public synchronized void connected(BluetoothSocket socket, BluetoothDevice device) {
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connected");

        // Cancel the thread that completed the connection
        if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;}

        // Cancel any thread currently running a connection
        if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;}

        // Cancel the accept thread because we only want to connect to one device
        if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;}

        // Start the thread to manage the connection and perform transmissions
        mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket);
        mConnectedThread.start();
        setState(STATE_CONNECTED);
    }

    /******************   注销掉所有  *****************/
    public synchronized void stop() {
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "stop");
        if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;}
        if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;}
        if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;}
        setState(STATE_NONE);
    }

    /***************  写出给通许线程，由线程来发送数据  ***********/
    public void write(byte[] out) {
        // Create temporary object
        ConnectedThread r;
        // Synchronize a copy of the ConnectedThread
        synchronized (this) {
            if (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) return;
            r = mConnectedThread;
        }
        // Perform the write unsynchronized
        r.write(out);
    }


    private void connectionFailed() {
        setState(STATE_LISTEN);
    }

    private void connectionLost() {
        setState(STATE_LISTEN);
    }


   /*********************  等待监听线程，此应用没用到  ****************/
    private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
        // The local server socket
        private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;

        public AcceptThread() {
            BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;

            // Create a new listening server socket
            try {
                tmp = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "listen() failed", e);
            }
            mmServerSocket = tmp;
        }

        public void run() {
            if (D) Log.d(TAG, "BEGIN mAcceptThread" + this);
            setName("AcceptThread");
            BluetoothSocket socket = null;

            // Listen to the server socket if we're not connected
            while (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) {
                try {
                    // This is a blocking call and will only return on a
                    // successful connection or an exception
                    socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "accept() failed", e);
                    break;
                }

                // If a connection was accepted
                if (socket != null) {
                    synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) {
                        switch (mState) {
                            case STATE_LISTEN:
                            case STATE_CONNECTING:
                                // Situation normal. Start the connected thread.
                                connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice());
                                break;
                            case STATE_NONE:
                            case STATE_CONNECTED:
                                // Either not ready or already connected. Terminate new socket.
                                try {
                                    socket.close();
                                } catch (IOException e) {
                                    Log.e(TAG, "Could not close unwanted socket", e);
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (D) Log.i(TAG, "END mAcceptThread");
        }

        public void cancel() {
            if (D) Log.d(TAG, "cancel " + this);
            try {
                mmServerSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "close() of server failed", e);
            }
        }
    }


   /*********************    连接线程   ****************/
    private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
        private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;

        public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
            mmDevice = device;
            BluetoothSocket tmp = null;

            // Get a BluetoothSocket for a connection with the
            // given BluetoothDevice
            try {
                tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "create() failed", e);
            }
            mmSocket = tmp;
        }

        public void run() {
            Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectThread");
            setName("ConnectThread");

            // Always cancel discovery because it will slow down a connection
            mAdapter.cancelDiscovery();

            // Make a connection to the BluetoothSocket
            try {
                // This is a blocking call and will only return on a
                // successful connection or an exception
                mmSocket.connect();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                connectionFailed();
                // Close the socket
                try {
                    mmSocket.close();
                } catch (IOException e2) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "unable to close() socket during connection failure", e2);
                }
                /*// Start the service over to restart listening mode
                BluetoothChatService.this.start();*/
                return;
            }

            // Reset the ConnectThread because we're done
            synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) {
                mConnectThread = null;
            }

            // Start the connected thread
            connected(mmSocket, mmDevice);
        }

        public void cancel() {
            try {
                mmSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e);
            }
        }
    }

  /*********************   连接管理，通讯线程   **********************/
    private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
        private final InputStream mmInStream;
        private final OutputStream mmOutStream;

        public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {
            Log.d(TAG, "create ConnectedThread");
            mmSocket = socket;
            InputStream tmpIn = null;
            OutputStream tmpOut = null;

            // Get the BluetoothSocket input and output streams
            try {
                tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();
                tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "temp sockets not created", e);
            }

            mmInStream = tmpIn;
            mmOutStream = tmpOut;
        }

        public void run() {
            Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectedThread");
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int bytes;

            // Keep listening to the InputStream while connected
            while (true) {
                try {
                    // Read from the InputStream
                    bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);

                } catch (IOException e) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "disconnected", e);
                    connectionLost();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        /**
         * Write to the connected OutStream.
         * @param buffer  The bytes to write
         */
        public void write(byte[] buffer) {
            try {
                mmOutStream.write(buffer);

            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e);
            }
        }

        public void cancel() {
            try {
                mmSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e);
            }
        }
    }
}

希望这边文章可以帮到阅读者
顺便一提：参考的出处的时候太久远了，忘了出处，在这里给他（他）说声：不好意思。。。

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