以下是将能在sdram中运行的linux内核和文件系统烧写到flash中的方法！ 从内部rom启动后，加载loader.bin和uboot.bin（重新编译的） 发送boot.bin ：在提示符下我们输入如下命令 Uboot> loadb 20000000 将boot.bin上传到0x20000000的sdram地址。 Uboot> cp.b 20000000 10000000 ffff将boot.bin烧写到0x10000000的flash地址。 发送u-boot.bin.gz：在提示符下我们输入如下命令 Uboot> loadb 20000000 将u-boot.bin.gz上传到0x20000000的sdram地址。 Uboot> cp.b 20000000 10020000 ffff将u-boot.bin.gz烧写到0x10020000的flash地址。 (说明：这里需要将boot的原始码中的0x10010000修改为0x10020000，再重新编译生成boot.bin！) 登陆linux服务器后： [tank@redhat9 tank]$ cd AT91RM9200-U-Boot/ [tank@redhat9 AT91RM9200-U-Boot]$ ls arm_config.mk drivers MAINTAINERS tmp uboot.PFI board dtt MAKEALL tools uboot.PO CHANGELOG examples Makefile u-boot uboot.PR common fs mips_config.mk u-boot1.gz uboot.PRI config.mk i386_config.mk mkconfig u-boot.bin uboot.PS COPYING include net u-boot.bin.gz uboot.SearchResults cpu lib_arm post uboot.IAB u-boot.srec CREDITS lib_generic ppc_config.mk uboot.IAD uboot.WK3 CVS lib_i386 README uboot.IMB disk lib_mips rtc uboot.IMD doc lib_ppc System.map u-boot.map [tank@redhat9 AT91RM9200-U-Boot]$ cd tools [tank@redhat9 tools]$ ls bddb CVS environment.c img2srec Makefile.win32 updater bmp_logo easylogo environment.o img2srec.c mkimage zImage bmp_logo.c env gdb img2srec.o mkimage.c tdramdisk.gz bmp_logo.o envcrc gen_eth_addr inca-swap-bytes.c mkimage.o crc32.c envcrc.c gen_eth_addr.c logos scripts crc32.o envcrc.o gen_eth_addr.o Makefile uImage 把内核镜象文件zImage（能在sdram中运行的）拷贝到这个tools目录下后，再执行如下命令（注意参数大小写）： [tank@redhat9 tools]$ ./mkimage -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x20008000 -e 0x20008000 -n "linux2.4.19-rmk7" -d zImage uImage 提示信息： Image Name: linux2.4.19-rmk7 Created: Fri Jun 17 13:41:08 2005 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 523504 Bytes = 511.23 kB = 0.50 MB Load Address: 0x20008000 Entry Point: 0x20008000 把根文件系统tdramdisk.gz（能在sdram中运行的）拷贝到这个tools目录下后，再执行如下命令（注意参数大小写）： [tank@redhat9 tools]$ ./mkimage -A arm -O linux -T RAMDisk -C gzip -a 0x21000000 -e 0x21000000 -n "ramdisk file sysytem" -d tdramdisk.gz tdramdisk 提示信息： Image Name: ramdisk file system Created: Thu Jul 14 11:40:36 2005 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed) Data Size: 5249216 Bytes = 5126.19 kB = 5.01 MB Load Address: 0x21000000 Entry Point: 0x21000000 这样就生成了要烧写到flash上的内核镜象文件uImage和根文件系统tdramdisk。 具体烧到flash中的地址自己根据内核大小(0x10030000开始)和根文件系统大小确定。 setenv以下这些环境变量： 只要是擦除，修改环境变量，先打开flash写保护 protect off all setenv ethaddr 12:12:12:12:12:12 //0～f字符随意 setenv bootdelay 3 //默认为3秒 setenv loadaddr 21000000 //下载到SDRAM中的地址 setenv netmask 255.255.255.0 //默认存在 setenv ipaddr 192.168.0.112 //目标板ip地址 setenv serverip 192.168.0.111 //pc机ip地址 setenv bootcmd bootm 0x10030000 0x100e0000 //内核、文件系统的烧写地址 saveenv //保存环境变量 protect on all 保存环境变量后，能用printenv查看环境变量。 再将之前编译的内核镜象文件uImage和根文件系统tdramdisk，烧写固化到flash中。 能通过tftp的方式先将uImage和tdramdisk上传到sdram中，再进行烧写。即： Uboot> protect off all Uboot> erase 0x10030000 0x107fffff //从0x10030000到8MB Uboot> tftp 20000000 uImage Uboot> cp.b 20000000 10030000 bffff //64kB*12，大约用时3分钟 Uboot> tftp 20000000 tdramdisk Uboot> cp.b 20000000 100e0000 5fffff //6MB，大约用时20分钟左右 Uboot> protect on all //此处flash烧写地址应和上面设置一致 然后从就能从flash启动uboot并直接加载运行linux。 boot 1.0 (May 31 2005 - 20:27:47) Uncompressing image... U-Boot 0.3.2 (Jun 5 2005 - 18:52:28) U-Boot code: 21F00000 -> 21F133EC BSS: -> 21F16E98 DRAM Configuration: Bank #0: 20000000 32 MB Spansion: S29GL064M90TAIR7 (64Mbit) flash_nb_blocks= 1 Flash: 8 MB Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 [RUN_COMMAND] cmd[21f1ef0e]="bootm 0x10030000 0x100e0000" [PROCESS_SEPARATORS] bootm 0x10030000 0x100e0000 token: "bootm 0x10030000 0x100e0000" [PROCESS_MACROS] INPUT len 27: "bootm 0x10030000 0x100e0000" [PROCESS_MACROS] OUTPUT len 27: "bootm 0x10030000 0x100e0000" parse_line: "bootm 0x10030000 0x100e0000" parse_line: nargs=3 starting run command...go into do_bootm ## Booting image at 10030000 ... count=40 dest=21f15a50,src=10030000 dest > src Image Name: linux2.4.19-rmk7 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 670000 Bytes = 654.3 kB Load Address: 20008000 Entry Point: 20008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK count=a3930 dest=20008000,src=10030040 dest > srcOK ## Loading Ramdisk Image at 100e0000 ... Image Name: ramdisk file system Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed) Data Size: 5249216 Bytes = 5 MB Load Address: 21000000 Entry Point: 21000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK count=5018c0 dest=21000000,src=100e0040 dest > src ## Transferring control to Linux (at address 20008000) ... Starting kernel ... Uncompressing Linux...................................... done, booting the kern el. Linux version 2.4.19-rmk7 (tank@redhat9) (gcc version 2.95.3 20010315 (release)) #3 六 6月 11 17:37:07 CST 2005 CPU: Arm920Tid(wb) revision 0 Machine: ATMEL AT91RM9200 Warning: bad configuration page, trying to continue On node 0 totalpages: 8192 zone(0): 8192 pages. zone(1): 0 pages. zone(2): 0 pages. Kernel command line: mem=32M console=ttyS0,115200 initrd=0x21000000,0x800000 roo t=/dev/ram rw init=/linuxsrc Calibrating delay loop... 89.70 BogoMIPS Memory: 32MB = 32MB total Memory: 22948KB available (984K code, 200K data, 52K init) Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) Inode cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Buffer-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Page-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039 Initializing RT netlink socket Starting kswapd devfs: v1.12a (20020514) Richard Gooch (rgooch@atnf.csiro.au) devfs: boot_options: 0x1 RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 32768K size 1024 blocksize physmap flash device: 800000 at 10000000 Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table v1.3 at 0x0040 number of CFI chips: 1 cfi_cmdset_0002: Disabling fast programming due to code brokenness. usb.c: registered new driver hub ttyS%d0 at MEM 0xfefff200 (irq = 1) is a AT91_SERIAL ttyS%d1 at MEM 0xfefc4000 (irq = 7) is a AT91_SERIAL eth0: Link now 100-FullDuplex eth0: AT91 ethernet at 0xfefbc000 int=24 100-FullDuplex (12:12:12:12:12:12) AT91 Watchdog Timer enabled (5 seconds) AT91 Real Time Clock driver usb-ohci.c: USB OHCI at membase 0xc3006000, IRQ 23 usb.c: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 hub.c: USB hub found hub.c: 2 ports detected i2c-dev.o: Registered ’AT91RM9200’ as minor 0 Found AT91 i2c AT91 SPI driver loaded NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0 IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048) NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0. NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.95 (c) 1998-1999 Rebel.com RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0 Freeing initrd memory: 8192K VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem). Mounted devfs on /dev Freeing init memory: 52K Initializing random number generator... done. Starting network... hub.c: USB new device connect on bus1/2, assigned device number 2 usb.c: USB device not accepting new address=2 (error=-110) run-parts: failed to open directory /etc/network/if-pre-up.d: No such file or di rectory hub.c: USB new device connect on bus1/2, assigned device number 3 usb.c: USB device not accepting new address=3 (error=-110) Starting system logger: syslogd Starting INET services: inetd Starting mouse Starting tty Starting console mouse services: gpmgpm: oops() invoked from gpn.c(132) loadlut: is your kernel compiled with CONFIG_SELECTION on?: Invalid argument Starting rtc INIT: Id "1" respawning too fast: disabled for 5 minutes AT91RM9200DK login: root [root@AT91RM9200DK /root]$cd / [root@AT91RM9200DK /]$ls var usr tmp sbin root rd proc mnt lost+found lib home etc dev bin drivers [root@AT91RM9200DK /]$cd drivers/ [root@AT91RM9200DK /drivers]$ls 485 ad can da ioin ioout lcd pwm keysegment led hello testusb [root@AT91RM9200DK /drivers]$cd lcd [root@AT91RM9200DK lcd]$ls lcd.o testlcd.o [root@AT91RM9200DK lcd]$insmod lcd.o [root@AT91RM9200DK lcd]$mknod /dev/lcd c 219 0 [root@AT91RM9200DK lcd]$./testlcd.o [root@AT91RM9200DK lcd]$